Introduction Air is a fluid. When a sound system is well-tuned and in a complimentary space it can be bliss. Feeling the heavy pulsations through the air is like the soothing intensity of sitting in a hot tub, and sometimes it feels good to crank up the heat even though it stings a little. It sounds all hippie dippie but there is solid scientific evidence that shows that cells vibrate at resonant frequencies of 10 kHz - 30 kHz and 150 kHz - 180 kHz. Note how some of these are outside the range of what is considered “audible” to human hearing, but that does not mean the body can’t perceive it. Although immersion is possible with headphones, you’re not getting these full body sensations without listening to a sound system cranked at HIGH volume. So if you’re like me and love to hang around the speakers that are blasting in every party and festival, you’re not wrong for loving it. But over time this can catch up to you very fast. Tinnitus Tinnitus is defined as the hearing of a continous ringing, buzzing or hissing sound in the absence of any actual sound in the environment. It is also sometimes known as ‘phantom sounds’ due to perceived hallucination of non-occuring sounds. This is commonly observed in people who are exposed to loud sounds on a daily basis, such as construction and factory workers. But one might think JUST ONE LOUD RAVE NIGHT wouldnt do permanent damage, would it? Sadly, you’re mistaken. Here is one reddit thread among thousands of people having permanent hearing damage after just one incident. So its very essential you take the right step to protect your ears before its too late. While Tinnitus is only related to ear damage, subsequent mental issues such as depression, anxiety and heart problems among others. Heres a visual understanding of how Tinnitus occurs courtesy of Netmeds. You can read their medical blog on the same here. Often times, you see lot of people standing right in front of speakers throughout the night. But if you look closely, they always ensure to have concert earplugs on. Advantages of using the RIGHT concert earplugs While many prefer to not spend much and use cork or chinese plastic plugs (some even stuff tissues), I wouldn't recommend this. Firstly, using low quality plugs will block out most of the frequencies and you will end up listening to muffled sounds. It’s pointless to be going to a party with epic speakers if you are gonna do this to yourself. Low quality plugs are not well designed and dont guarantee protection for your ears. Good quality earplugs are always designed to block out only dangerous frequencies that can hurt you. Some work so well that you wouldnt have to remove them to have a conversation with your buddies. The list includes only 2 products, one that is disposable while the other is reusable. Hearos Ultimate Softness Series (Top in disposable concert earplugs) Starting off with the cheaper disposable option, we have the Hearos Ultimate Softness. Thanks to their super soft texture, you can easily stuff it in your ear and have a comfortable experience. While they have not been designed specifically for concerts, they do their job pretty well and keep your ears safe. The best part is since its pretty cheap for a 14 pair, you are not going to feel miserable if you lose them after a very wild rave night. Pros In-expensive, disposable. Won't get paranoid about losing them. Protect your ears and block out sound pretty well. Cons The amount of blocking might be a bit too much as these are not designed for musical enjoyment. These are a great option to start with and thousands of reviews worldwide make it a well proven safe option among all disposable concert earplugs. Click here to purchase the Hearos Ultimate Softness from Amazon(India) Loop Experience Plus Concert Ear Plugs (Top in Value for Money) While you may find numerous “VFM” options throughout that are 2-3x cheaper than this, they usually end up being a waste thanks to fitment or quality issues. The Loop Experience Plus Concert Earplugs (not to confuse with the cheaper sleeping ones) are the top choice throughout the world for their good fit, comfort over extended durations while being very effective at overall damage reduction without causing any muffling. Having 4 different ear tips ensures to provide a fit irrespective of how big your ears maybe. Sound quality is preserved while reducing only the overall negative effects it could have over your sensitive ears. Being an international favorite and having more than 14,000 global ratings on Amazon, you can’t go wrong with this purchase. The only better option in terms of performance would be buying custom moulded earplugs. These are currently not available in India while being very pricey in overseas markets. Click here to purchase the Loop Experience+ from Amazon (India) Final Thoughts With how expensive party and festival tickets have become lately, the price you pay to keep your ears safe with these high quality options seem like a good investment in the long run. Having read countless sad stories across the web and having being partially deafened (temporarily) in the recent Psykovsky + Kindzadza rave in Origens, I decided to research and test out the above products and they both performed great. Ps: If you felt the blog was helpful, please support PsyFyi and use the above affiliate links to make your purchase.

Introduction: Welcome to PSY FYI, your portal into the kaleidoscopic world of counterculture. Our focus today transcends borders, exploring the global role of a 'trip sitter' in p$ychedelic experiences. As we meander through the realms of music, art, fashion, and p$ychedelics, our aim is to enrich your understanding of this pivotal role in both Indian and global contexts. What is a Trip Sitter? A trip sitter is a sober, supportive presence during p$ychedelic experiences, acting as a guide and guardian. Their role is crucial in ensuring safety and providing emotional and psychological support. In the Indian counterculture, intertwined with spiritual exploration, a trip sitter is a guide through the emotional and spiritual terrains experienced during a trip. Global Trends in Trip Sitting: Globally, p$ychedelic societies, such as MAPS (Multidisciplinary Association for P$ychedelic Studies), Johns Hopkins Center for P$ychedelic & Consciousness Research, and the Usona Institute, have emphasized the importance of informed and responsible p$ychedelic use. These organizations conduct research and provide education on p$ychedelics, underscoring the role of trip sitters in enhancing safety and facilitating psychological and spiritual growth. Why a Trip Sitter is Crucial: 1. Safety: Ensures a secure environment, managing emergencies and providing physical safety. 2. Emotional Support: Offers emotional stability and guidance through challenging psychological states. 3. Guidance: Provides insights, especially valuable for beginners, on navigating p$ychedelic experiences. 4. Integration: Helps in incorporating the p$ychedelic experience into everyday life, a key element in many spiritual practices. Indian and International Perspectives: In India, organizations like the Indian P$ychedelic Society and Bangalore P$ychedelic Club promote safe p$ychedelic use, reflecting a global trend. Internationally, societies like the Baltimore P$ychedelic Society, Brooklyn P$ychedelic Society, and Dallas P$ychedelic Society provide platforms for education and community involvement, similar to their Indian counterparts. Spotlight on Global Counterculture Entities: 1. P$ychedelic Retreats: Events like the P$ychedelic Experience Retreats in the Netherlands and Atman Retreat in Jamaica offer legal, structured environments for p$ychedelic exploration. 2. Educational Platforms: Organizations like the Halifax P$ychedelic Society and the Michigan P$ychedelic Society emphasize education and community building, resonating with the ethos of Indian p$ychedelic communities. 3. Digital Engagement: Platforms like Erowid and P$ychedelics Today provide comprehensive information and resources, paralleling the digital engagement in Indian p$ychedelic culture. Conclusion: The trip sitter's role transcends geographical boundaries, playing a vital part in the p$ychedelic journey, be it in India or globally. Their presence ensures safety, offers emotional and psychological support, and aids in the integration of the p$ychedelic experience, aligning with the ethos of exploration and understanding in countercultures worldwide. We invite the PSY FYI community to dive deeper into this topic, engage with both local and international organizations, and participate in events that foster a safe and enlightening p$ychedelic journey. Share your experiences and thoughts on trip sitting and join our global conversation on social media. Let’s continue to explore safely and responsibly. Keywords: Trip Sitter, Indian Counterculture, P$ychedelic Experience, Global P$ychedelic Trends, MAPS, Johns Hopkins Center for P$ychedelic & Consciousness Research, Usona Institute, Indian P$ychedelic Society, Bangalore P$ychedelic Club, Baltimore P$ychedelic Society, Brooklyn P$ychedelic Society, Dallas P$ychedelic Society, P$ychedelic Retreats, Halifax P$ychedelic Society, Michigan P$ychedelic Society, Erowid, P$ychedelics Today.

The only image the word ‘tirtha’ or pilgrimage site conjures is that of a densely populated religious place with endless droves of devotees going about performing rituals to please their favorite gods, burn off karma, accredit some spiritual brownie points and hopefully gain some diving advantage in this otherwise meaningless existence. Ironically, most pilgrimages have turned into the very things they were meant to rescue people from – mundane activities, commerce and a life that’s running on autopilot on a course dictated by society. Meaning of Tirtha A tirtha is a place of passage, where one crosses over from the normal state of existence to an elevated one. Kind of a spiritual diving board, where people can experience a higher form of consciousness and transform themselves. The whole idea of a pilgrimage was to undertake a journey that takes one away from their regular existence, gives them a break from their patterns and habits, allows them to see the world and themselves with a fresh perspective, and gain insights that help them grow. It’s a little sad that in a country crisscrossed by thousands of pilgrimages and holy sites, hardly a handful remain powerful places of transformation. The rest have turned shells of empty spirituality, like their visitors. Call it the effect of modernization or rampant capitalization, the more accessible these places become, the more their potency fades away. Pretty much like how a restaurant suddenly starts feeling substandard after becoming a franchise. The magic goes away, once the masses find their way to it. The psychedelic revolution While the ancient channels to access higher forms of consciousness are now clogged with hubris, the innate human urge to seek something deeper hasn’t faded away. New paths have opened up – the p$ychede1ic ones. The trip now is no longer to the desolate terrain of a snow-capped mountain, but within the landscape of one’s mind. Modern Tirthas When the ancients charted the tirthas, they kept in mind the journey that one needs to make to arrive at these sacred spots. The risks and trials one faced during the trip are what made one worthy to experience the real power of these tirthas. The same holds true for a p$ychede1ic trip a modern seeker would take – no one knows what and where a psychedelic trip would lead to, or what demons will one battle on the way. There’s always a certain amount of courage and faith one must hold on to while taking a p$ychede1ic trip. Pretty much the same attitude a pilgrim of the old times would embark on their pilgrimage with. This marks the arrival of new-age tirthas, places like Kasol and Kodai, where seekers arrive to dip their toes into realms of higher consciousness with the help of p$ychede1ics. Strangely, some of the ancient trithas like Pushkar and Varanasi, have stayed relevant to the modern seeker because of their p$ychede1ic roots. Experiencing the Minikarnika ghat after ingesting a ball of bhang can be just as potent and transformative an experience as tripping on $hrooms or L$D. The Future As portals discovered by ancient seekers drown into vacuous tradition, new passages are surfacing. No one knows what the future of seeking is going to be, but it definitely appears that these p$ychede1ic trails are going to shape the paths that lead us to the deeper mysteries of nature.

Introduction Over the last few years, Kasol and Parvati Valley’s fame has skyrocketed thanks to social media. What was once a quiet unknown destination sparsely filled with hippies has been overflooded with tourists and this has changed the dynamics of the whole valley. With this blog, we hope to cover everything you would ever need to ensure you understand every village’s uniqueness and plan your trip better. We wont recommend any stay or food joints as we want you to explore your own tastes and spending. This guide will just be a guide on what to expect from each location. Closest airport and major bus stop: Bhuntar Earliest Bhuntar—>Kasol bus: 6.30am History In the form of an ash smeared Naga Sadhu, Lord Shiva meditated here for more than 3000 years. On opening his eyes, the land had transformed into the beautiful valley we know today. Taken aback by the breathtaking views, the Lord decided to name the valley after his wife Parvati. The views were said to have been so mesmerizing that they decided to stay here for another thousand odd years. Another tale recollected by some locals mentions that Lord Shiva had asked his sons Ganesha and Kartikeya to travel around the world. While Kartikeya journeyed around the world, Lord Ganesha thought that the whole world lied at his parents' feet and circumferenced around them. Impressed by Ganesha’s wit, he was made the king. Years later, when Karthikeya finally returned he was shocked to see Ganesha made king even though he himself was the eldest son. Frustrated, he chose the cave named after him in Kheerganga and went into deep meditation. Later, Shiva and Parvati came here to take him home. Out of love for her son, Goddess Parvati made kheer flow from the mountain and this is why it was named Kheerganga. Later, Lord Parashuraman on sensing the onset of Kaliyuga realized the kheer could result in a fight among the people and stopped it. Since then, only the hot water remains. The Parvati River While the views might be breathtaking, I personally feel the river is what makes this valley special for me. The sheer power and force with which she flows matches the power of the hi-tech and psytrance parties we have here. After a wild night partying at Pirates of Parvati, the early morning trek back was something I will never forget. Even though the speakers had died down, the music the river made was something that helped me create the bond I have with this valley. Now I know why so many of us dream of living here. It’s because of the ‘music’ of the Parvati River. The Villages Kasol, Chalal and Katagla This is usually the first stop from Bhuntar for most travelers. Kasol can be described as the comfortable traveller’s haven in the hills. Thanks to its road connectivity and early development, you can find all the creature comforts you would ever need. The presence of a lot of cafes also lets you get the best food available in this area. The main highlight is the Kasol Market area for all your shopping needs. If you want to escape the crowds but not let go of your creature comforts, you can cross the bridge and head to Chalal or go back a couple of kilometers until you reach Katagla. As there is no vehicular access(for now), they are less crowded compared to Kasol. This is also the only area where you can safely chill in the banks of the Parvati river. As the location is comparatively at a lower altitude, temperatures are also warmer. # rating: 1/5 Crowd rating: 1/5 View Rating: 3/5 Rashol The route to Chalal extends further for a few hours and takes you to Rashol. Rashol is a small village located in the Parvati Valley and is known for its isolated and hallucinated reflection of Italian hippies in search of Nirvana. The village serves as a business hub for cannabis farming, focusing on producing high-quality #. The offering here is second only to Malana and is a major upgrade from what you get in Kasol's streets. Rashol offers a unique experience for visitors, with its stunning views and a tranquil environment, attracting those seeking a comfortably numb life. The crowds are slowly getting bigger and only time will tell what the future holds for Rasol. # rating: 5/5 Crowd Rating: 4/5 View Rating: 4/5 Grahan Closest place to Kasol where you can go to disconnect completely. Only walking, no cell phone coverage. The trek to the village takes you through dense pine forests, gushing streams, and picturesque meadows, offering a delightful experience for nature lovers. The trail is relatively well-marked, and it usually takes around 4-5 hours to reach Grahan, depending on individual fitness levels. Can go on multi day treks from here. Sar Pass is the most common. # rating: 4/5 Crowd rating: 5/5 View Rating: 4/5 Shilha 2nd Closest place to Kasol where you can remote work with very little crowd. Good network. Halfway by car, the other half by walking. It's a unique place due to its location as a midpoint between Kasol and the Dam. # rating: -/5 Crowd Rating: 5/5 View Rating: 3/5 Tosh Although Tosh has gotten crowded nowadays, the views it provides is something that no other village can beat. Trek further higher until you reach Tosh Kutla to enjoy the beautiful views and some privacy. There are a lot of nice cafes here as well that provide food equally good as Kasol. Tosh #balls are good as they cost lesser than cream and smoke decently. # rating: 3/5 Crowd Rating: 2.5/5 View Rating: 5/5 Pulga Great spot for the uninitiated. Offers everything newcomers would want. Good network, and hence a good remote work location. Cheap homestays with attached bathrooms with water heaters that remain functional until peak winter as well as bigger hotels are available here. You can drive to Pulga. It has the best forest out of any village in Parvati Valley. Fairy Forest is just absolutely beautiful and it's a great TRIP spot. Moderately crowded. # rating: -/5 Crowd Rating: 3/5 View Rating: 4/5 Tulga Less crowded than Kalga and Pulga with cheap staying options. It is the starting point if you want to trek to Bhandak which is a flat grassland where you can camp easily or the lake on top of the mountain, Rorag Sor. Personally, Rorag is my favorite spot to trek to and I've had the most magnificent trips camping beside the lake. # rating: -/5 Crowd Rating: 4/5 View Rating: 3/5 Kalga Similar to Pulga but slightly less developed. Equal if not slightly more crowd than Pulga due to it being on route to Kheerganga.Has homestays with attached bathrooms. It also has a forest at the end of the village which is also a nice forest to chill in. Excellent network, my preferred place if I need a good internet connection for the work I'm doing. Difficult to climb/come down during peak winter if you aren't used to snow. Takes about 30min and you have to park your vehicle beside the dam. # rating: 2.5/5 Crowd Rating: 3/5 View Rating: 4/5 Malana Malana has always been the land of the creme. It was the center of the export business for decades until it fell victim to social media fame. You will probably not find stickier # in any other part of the world. But what most people don't understand is that the majority is either exported or given to high profile clients. Over the past decade, the footfall Malana receives annually has gone out of control. This has resulted in making it much harder to score any decent # without getting scammed. Only good contacts can help and you can have a much better experience trying in Rasol, Grahan or Waichin. # rating: 5/5(?) Crowd Rating: 2.5/5 View Rating: 4/5 Waichin Rather than going to Malana, if you continue ahead from Malana Dam you reach Waichin aka Magic Valley. This remote village is located at a higher altitude than Malana and also has no electricity access. A part of the village also has Malana inhabitants and follows the same rules as there. The best part about Waichin is a lot of # from Malana is smuggled through this route hence making this a better location to spend time in. Beware of cold temperatures and low creature comforts. The views are excellent as well and Waichin also acts as the base camp for the Dev Ropa trek. # rating: 5/5 Crowd Rating: 4/5 View Rating: 4.5/5 Parvati Valley Treks Kheerganga: Like Grahan, this is a spot to disconnect. However there is often a lot of crowd here due to it being a popular spot to trek to. It is a 4-8 hour trek from Kalga depending on your speed. There is no network here. There are people with fixed line BSNL telephones and they charge exorbitantly if you want to use it. There are only tents to stay in and there is a hot water spring to bathe in which is divided in two with entry based on which sex you present as. You can also trek pretty high up in the forest of you know the route. A common place to trek to from here is Buni Buni which is basically a nice flat land to camp on similar to Bhandak. Tunda Bhuj: This is where you can start saying you're deep in the valley. A 6-8 hour trek from Kheerganga. No connectivity to the outside world at all. There is one old guy who stays here and can help you with stay/food at his shanty if you don't bring your own tent/cooking material. This is almost the last area in the valley with a forest. This is the last place in the valley where you can spend money. Thakur Kuan: Another 6 hours trek from TB. Here you can be truly isolated. There is no permanent settlement here by anyone yet. From here the valley is quite barren/rocky/marshy with little plant life. There is actually a decently doable climb up from here to the snowy part of the mountain. Do not attempt it if you are not experienced. I would not recommend going further ahead into the valley solo unless you are highly experienced as there are difficult spots ahead. I have personally never gone ahead of TK alone. Odi Thatch: 6-8 hour trek from TK. The Pandu Pul is quite difficult to cross alone. Trek carefully as the drop to the river is pretty high on the way here. Ensure you fill up on water on your way to here, there's a good amount of spots for that. This is fairly high altitude so it's important to keep yourself hydrated Mantalai Lake: From Odi Thatch, trek for a further 5 hours over the step gradual climb until you reach the lake. Other treks you can read about online: BunBuni pass (Kalga) Devropa (Waichin) Sar pass (Grahan) Complaints regarding disrespect to Mother Nature While we have an all time high in the number of people claiming to be on a spiritual path, none seem to be bothered to respect their nature and surroundings as the real scriptures demand them to be. It is dissapointing to see the valley that Lord Shiva and Parvati praised for its beauty to be desecrated by such unhealthy practices. Seeing all the trash accumulated in the banks of Kasol is a shame, but seeing the trash in higher hilly remote areas is hurtful to say the least. Even though this valley provides people with such amazing experiences, tourists do not even maintain basic etiquette of using dustbins. Hopefully the locals and govt will make sure that the valley remains how it was meant to be. Tourists also need to be vocal on their criticisims against other peers not maintaining good habits to Mother Nature as well as each other. .............................................................................................................................................................................. "Turn on, tune in, drop out" - Timothy Leary (1966) ..............................................................................................................................................................................

Telepathy has long captured the human imagination, with its portrayal in various forms of media and the allure of mind-to-mind communication. But is telepathy a real phenomenon or merely a figment of our imagination? In this article, we will delve into the world of telepathy, examining historical accounts, scientific investigations, and the challenges faced in understanding this enigmatic concept. The Historical Context of Telepathy Telepathy has a rich history that spans across cultures and civilizations. From indigenous tribes to ancient spiritual traditions, accounts of telepathic experiences have been documented throughout the ages. These historical records shed light on the universal fascination with telepathy and its deep-rooted presence in human consciousness. However, historical anecdotes alone cannot provide scientific validation of telepathy. Scientific Investigations and Skepticism Scientific researchers have dedicated considerable effort to investigate the existence of telepathy. Controlled experiments, often conducted within the framework of extrasensory perception (ESP), have aimed to explore the possibility of mind-to-mind communication. Despite numerous studies, researchers have struggled to produce replicable and conclusive evidence supporting telepathy. Critics argue that anecdotal evidence, confirmation bias, and the lack of controlled conditions make it difficult to validate telepathic claims. Skepticism plays a vital role in scientific inquiry, pushing researchers to maintain high standards of evidence and rigorously scrutinize claims of extraordinary phenomena. The Role of Psychology and Consciousness Studies Psychologists have approached telepathy through the lens of consciousness studies and have conducted experiments to explore its potential existence. These studies often involve examining the connection between sender and receiver, investigating the influence of intention and attention, and exploring altered states of consciousness. However, conclusive evidence supporting telepathy has remained elusive, leaving researchers with more questions than answers. Plant medicines and Altered States of Consciousness In recent years, some individuals have claimed to experience telepathy during altered states of consciousness induced by psychedelic substances. While these subjective experiences are intriguing, the scientific community emphasizes the need for cautious interpretation. Research in this area is limited, and controlled studies are necessary to separate the effects of psychedelics from genuine telepathic experiences. The Future of Telepathy Research Advancements in neuroscience and cognitive science offer promising avenues for further exploration of telepathy. The study of human consciousness and the intricate workings of the brain may provide insights into the mechanisms that could support telepathic communication. Continued scientific inquiry, employing rigorous methodologies and innovative technologies, will play a crucial role in unraveling the mysteries surrounding telepathy. In conclusion, telepathy remains a captivating subject that has fascinated humanity for centuries. While scientific evidence has not yet substantiated its existence, the exploration of telepathy serves as a testament to the boundless nature of human curiosity. Critical thinking, open-mindedness, and rigorous scientific inquiry are essential as we strive to unravel the secrets of the human mind. Whether telepathy will one day be validated by scientific evidence remains uncertain, but the journey of discovery continues to inspire and ignite our collective imagination.

Introduction As you may know from our previous blog, Goa Gil and his friends were the pioneers that started what was then known as ‘Goa Trance’ on the beaches of Goa. As the years passed and more artists came into the picture, the music branched out according to their styles and resulted in the many styles that we see today. Along with explaining each of these subgenres, we have also curated our own playlists that we hope you will enjoy while helping you understand them better. Table Of Contents Progressive Psy Goa Trance Full On Psychill/Ambient Dark Psy Forest Psy Hi-Tech Progressive Psy Also known as: Psy-Prog BPM: 132-138 Origins: Europe As the name suggests, Psy-Prog can be defined by its progressive buildup of diverse sounds. Sounds used can be said to have normal trance and house elements. This results in music that could be more club-friendly than the other subgenres. Over the years, Psy-Prog has taken over as the most prominent image of psytrance to the outside world. Notable Artists: Ace Ventura, Liquid Soul, Goa PsyTrance BPM: 135-150 Origin: Goa, India Goa Trance is credited as the foundation of all psytrance, with Goa Gil being the forefather. Sounds used here are more instrumental, encompassing Indian elements since it was born on the beaches of Goa during the hippie movement of the 80s and 90s. Eventually, even though all the other subgenres branched from it, Goa Trance continued to thrive thanks to artists and labels releasing new tracks, as the crowds have never stopped loving it. Notable Artists: Astral Projection, Asia 2001, Hallucinogen, Juno Reactor Full On Also Known As: Israeli Psy, Morning Psy BPM: 140-150 As the name implies, this subgenre ensures it maintains its energy throughout the song. The term was coined in the mid-2000s after the evolution from goa trance to psytrance had well and truly concluded, and people were finding new language terms to define the various sounds that were now forming. The original 'full-on' sound was bright and melodic, focusing on the kickdrums in the 4/4 pattern. Over time, this has changed, but the overall motive of maintaining a happy and melodic vibe has remained the same. Full-on has been the backbone for all psytrance thanks to its popularity throughout the 2000s until it was slowly replaced by Progressive Psy. Notable Artists: Astrix, Avalon, GMS, Tristan, 1200 Micrograms. Psychill Also Known As: Ambient BPM: 90-120 Unlike the rest, Psychill is a downtempo genre that can be said to be a mix of Goa Trance and Psychedelic music. Its aim is to induce profound relaxation akin to meditation and lucid dreaming. Psychill creates a captivating sonic landscape for introspection and tranquility. Notable artists: Asura, Astronaut Ape, Sumiruna,E-Mantra, Lemonchill. Dark PsyTrance BPM: 140-175+ Origin: Russia, Germany. Since the 90s and 2000s, as artists experimented and pushed the boundaries of what Goa trance could achieve, the majority moved towards Full On and Psy-Prog. But there were some who wanted to move away from the bright and melodic saga of Goa Trance and play with a darker tone. Xenomorph is considered the pioneer of this subgenre and was early into making dark psy. In the 2000s, artists like Psykovsky and Derango pushed the subgenre into faster, higher BPMs to compliment these dark elements, which later contributed to the birth of other popular subgenres such as forest and hi-tech. Science fiction and horror movie samples are key to Dark Psy. Notable Artists: Goa Gil, Fungus Funk, Rawar, Dark Whisper, Farebi Jalebi. Forest Psy BPM: 145-175+ Origin: Denmark and other Nordic countries Forest was born from the dark psy subgenre. While dark psy has a lot of mechanical and alien sounds, Forest incorporates nature and organic forest sounds. Don’t be surprised to hear weird elves in the mix as well. This maintained the signature organic feel of Goa Trance while at the same time infused the dark vibes and higher BPM from Dark, creating a good balance between the two but also making themhard to distinguish. Notable Artists: Derango, Atriohm, Ajja, Arjuna. Hi-Tech Also Known As: Psycore, Russian Dark Psy BPM: 170-220 Origin: Russia Hi-tech, another subgenre born from the dark psy sphere is characterized by fast rhythms, chopped rhythms and a fast bassline all held together by an unpredictable atmosphere. In the 2000s, artists like Psykovsky and other Russian artists like Kindzadza pushed for higher BPMs, resulting in the hitech movement. This was also regarded as the golden age for hitech. Recently, there has not been much creative development in the Hitech sphere, but some new emerging artists like Killatk and our very own Pyrokine are slowly making growth. Notable Artists: Psykovsky, Xenrox, Technical Hitch,Killatk. If you liked the blog and our playlists, make sure to follow us on spotify as well as we will post more playlists for Techno and other EDM genres soon.

Introduction In recent years, the popularity of dry herb vaporizers has soared as more individuals seek alternative methods of consuming flower and dried herbs. With their ability to provide smooth hits that feel gentle on the lungs and airways, these devices have revolutionized the smoking experience. In this guide, we will delve into the world of dry herb vaporizers, exploring their features, benefits, and the top devices available in the market. Whether you are a beginner or a seasoned smoker, join us as we uncover the wonders of dry herb vaporizers. So, How Does a Dry Herb Vaporizer Work? Dry herb vapes have a simple working mechanism: the herbs placed within the 'oven' get heated to a temperature below their combustion point. This allows the herbs to vaporize rather than catch fire: releasing vapor that has no tar, is smoother, and tastes amazing. There are different types of heating systems used in dry herb vaporizers. Conduction heating involves direct contact between the dry herbs and the vape's heating element, such as a coil. On the other hand, convection heats the air surrounding the herbs, which then flows through the chamber and provides uniform heating. At the same time, these devices are made from durable metals such as aluminum, titanium, or stainless steel, ensuring longevity and efficient heat distribution. Benefits of Dry Herb Vaporizers Save your lungs: While some may say it does not give you the satisfaction of smoking a joint, it will definitely treat your lungs right. Studies show that using a dry herb vaporizer can SIGNIFICANTLY reduce lung damage. You can read more from this research paper. Precise Temperature Control: Most dry herb vaporizers offer adjustable temperature settings, allowing users to customize their vaping experience. This versatility enables the extraction of specific compounds at the desired temperature, resulting in enhanced flavor and effects. Efficient and Cost-Effective: Vaporizers are known for their efficiency in extracting active ingredients from herbs. Unlike smoking, which can lead to substantial herb wastage, vaporizers make the most out of the material, maximizing the cost-effectiveness of each session. Easy to Clean and Maintain: Dry herb vaporizers require minimal maintenance compared to other smoking devices. Since there is no combustion involved, there is no residue or ash to clean. Regular cleaning of the heating chamber and mouthpiece ensures optimal performance and longevity. Discreet and Portable: Vaporizers emit less odor compared to traditional smoking methods, allowing for discreet use. Portable vaporizers, in particular, offer the convenience of on-the-go vaping, enabling users to enjoy their herbs anywhere, anytime. Top Dry Herb Vaporizers Dynavap: The unique selling point of a DynaVap is their battery-free sleek construction, encompassing a stainless steel body with titanium tips. Thanks to its small body, it allows you to vape your favorite herb discreetly anytime anywhere. The drawback is you will have to use a lighter or torch to heat it. But the best part about this vape? It makes a CLICK sound that lets you know when you have warmed it enough, making it super easy to use for even novices. Pros: +Economical +Compact and easy to hide Cons: -Small hits -Manual Heating (with lighter) Mighty Crafty: The Mighty Crafty collection combines power, consistency, and ease of use. With its hybrid heating system, LED display, and long-lasting battery life, it delivers dense and flavorful vapor, perfect for extended vaping sessions. This is probably going to be the best long lasting portable vaporiser you can get in the market. Pros: +Performance is second to none +Easy to use and maintain Cons: -Slightly bulky -Expensive Volcano: The Volcano has been on sale since 2000, giving you an idea of how popular they are in the US market. The easy valve system ensures easy block free usage, while the fan helps you fill bags/balloons with vapor that can be easily distributed with your friends during sessions. While the price may be on the steeper side, it is made for people who want a permanent home setup that provides an easy and high quality experience. Pros: +Long sessions +High quality smoke +Rigid construction Cons: -Zero Portability -Fan can be loud -Bags will need to be replaced So, where can I get these in India? We would like to reiterate that dry herb vapes are not the same as liquid vapes. They are also safe and legal to use in the country unlike their liquid counterparts. GiggleGrass has an extensive collection that includes electric, manual and glassware dry herb vapes. They also have a vast accesories and kit collection to suit your every need. You will certainly find a vape that suits your smoking style as well as your budget. Use our code 'PSYFYI' at checkout for a special 10% discount.

Introduction The Beatles Ashram, located in Rishikesh, has become one of the few relics left in India from the hippie movement of the 60s. The ashram was a place for students to study and practice Transcendental Meditation, a technique famous for its quick and easy real-world implementation. Under Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, they spent several weeks at the ashram, where they wrote many of the songs that would later appear on their self-titled album, commonly known as the "White Album." Continue reading to find out how and why the Beatles ended up in the "Valley of the Saints" and how it turned out to be the most productive time for their musical career. The Beatles Journey to Rishikesh The Beatles' journey to Rishikesh began in 1967 when George Harrison became interested in Indian music and culture. David Crosby of the Byrds introduced him to Ravi Shankar, an Indian musician who would later become Harrison's teacher. Shankar also played the sitar, which Harrison incorporated into many Beatles songs. Harrison's interest in Indian music and culture led him to Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, well known for his teachings on Transcendental Meditation. Harrison was quick to convince the rest of the Beatles to travel to India to study with Maharishi. In February 1968, they arrived at the ashram in Rishikesh. The Significance of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and His Teachings Maharishi Mahesh Yogi was a spiritual teacher who became famous in the 1960s for his teachings on Transcendental Meditation. He believed meditation could help people reduce stress, improve their health, and achieve inner peace. His master Brahmananda Saraswati gave him the task of teaching this to the masses, and Mahesh Yogi was quick to go on world tours to fulfil his Guru's wishes. His teachings attracted many followers, as he focused less on religious aspects and more on real-world implementation. Meanwhile, the Beatles were looking for a way to cope with their newfound fame and the pressures that came with it. Maharishi's teachings on Transcendental Meditation had a profound impact on the Beatles. They found that meditation helped them to relax and become more creative by isolating them from the cameras and the world's eyes. At the same time, they also became interested in Indian philosophy and culture, incorporating these ideas into their music. Life at the Beatles Ashram Life at the Beatles Ashram was simple and peaceful. The band and other students at the ashram would wake up early to meditate and practice yoga. They would then spend the day studying with Maharishi and practising Transcendental Meditation. In the evenings, they often gathered around a campfire and played music. The Beatles' visit to the ashram was not without its challenges. The band members were used to a life of luxury, but at the ashram, they had to sleep on simple cots and eat basic vegetarian meals. The Beatles' visit to the ashram also had a significant impact on their music. They wrote many of the songs that would appear on their self-titled album, commonly known as the "White Album," at the ashram. Songs such as "Dear Prudence" and "Mother Nature's Son" also reflected the band's newfound interest in Indian philosophy and culture. The visit also inspired them to experiment with new sounds and instruments. George Harrison, in particular, became interested in the sitar and other Indian instruments, which he would later incorporate into many of the Beatles' songs. At the same time, the ashram was not without its controversies. After Ringo Starr became homesick and left the ashram early, rumours surfaced that Maharishi Mahesh Yogi had made inappropriate advances toward female students, which led to John Lennon and George Harrison leaving the ashram early. The Beatles' relationship with the Maharishi quickly turned sour after their departure from the ashram, leading to a rift between the band and Maharishi. They later wrote a song called "Sexy Sadie," which was believed to be about Maharishi and his alleged inappropriate behaviour toward female students. The Legacy of the Beatles Ashram The Beatles' visit to the ashram had a significant impact on their music and spiritual journey. It also put Rishikesh on the map as a destination for spiritual seekers. Today, the Beatles Ashram is a popular tourist attraction. Many people visit the site to see where the band stayed and learn more about their journey to India. The Beatles' visit to the ashram also helped to popularize Transcendental Meditation in the 70s and 80s. Many people became interested in the practice after learning that the Beatles had studied with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. However, there has been a renewed interest in the site in recent years. In 2015, the Indian government opened the ashram to the public, and it has since become a popular tourist destination. Today, visitors to the ashram can see the buildings where the Beatles stayed and some of the artwork they created while there. The site also features a museum that tells the story of the Beatles' visit to the ashram and its impact on their music and spiritual journey. People interested in meditation or yoga can also take a class at the ashram and learn more about Transcendental Meditation. If you are a Beatles fan or are interested in their journey to India, a visit to the Beatles Ashram is a must. Final Thoughts The Beatles Ashram is a significant part of music and spiritual history. The band's visit to the ashram had a profound impact on their music and spiritual journey, and it helped to popularize Transcendental Meditation. Today, the ashram is a popular tourist attraction. Many visit the site to learn more about the Beatles' journey to India. If you are a fan of the Beatles or are interested in meditation and yoga, a visit to the Beatles Ashram is a must.

A complex and enigmatic organ, the human brain is capable of amazing feats of cognition and sociality. But for centuries, no one has been able to explain where our exceptional intelligence and capacity for cooperation came from. According to recent research, the cause of our ancestors' sudden and dramatic increase in brain power 200,000 years ago may have been due to their use of magic mushrooms. According to the "stoned ape theory," our earliest hominin ancestors' use of psychedelic mushrooms served as the catalyst for the development of our brains. In spite of the fact that this theory is still purely conjectural and lacks solid supporting data, a recent article published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology makes the case for it. The paper, written by independent researcher José Manuel Rodrguez Arce and Dr. Michael Winkleman of Arizona State University, makes the case that environmental factors may have sped up the development of complex cognition and sociality. The authors claim that the neurotransmitter serotonin, which is derived from the amino acid tryptophan, plays a significant role in the characteristics that result in greater intelligence, cooperative communications, and social learning. The researchers contend that since humans are unable to synthesise tryptophan, the only way early hominins could have increased their serotonin levels was by ingesting magic mushrooms. Recent studies have suggested that psychedelics may be used to treat mental health conditions like depression, primarily by stimulating neural plasticity and activating serotonin receptors. According to the authors, the ancient use of these substances may have aided in the development of new forms of cognition and brain growth. The authors go on to say that consumption of psychedelic plants may have promoted social bonding among prehistoric hominins by causing euphoria and laughter and enhancing the ability to tell stories and make music. According to them, this encouraged pro-social behaviours that aided in group cohesion and survival. Despite the fact that all of this may seem plausible, there is no conclusive proof that early hominins ingested mind-altering substances. Even so, the authors insist that "throughout their evolutionary history, our hominin ancestors inevitably encountered and likely ingested psychedelic mushrooms." Additionally, they cite archaeological data to support their contention that early humans consumed a variety of fungi in their diet, including mushrooms. Despite these claims, it's crucial to remember that this divisive theory is still hypothetical and undeveloped. The authors acknowledge this and state that it "will forever remain uncertain" whether or not early hominins consumed magic mushrooms. They insist, however, that "psychedelics' effects in enhancing sociality, imagination, eloquence, and suggestibility may have increased adaptability and fitness [of early hominins]." If they are correct, it might imply that a group of primates on drugs is to blame for our intelligence and social abilities. Early Homo sapiens and our closest ancestor, Homo erectus, appear to have had very different cognitive capacities. Yes, erectus was upright, which was a significant advancement, but with the appearance of Homo sapiens, we see evidence of art, pictography, tool use, and what we believe to be the beginnings of language. Terence McKenna, an ethnobotanist and proponent of psychedelics, postulated in his book Food of the Gods published in the early 1990s that the discovery of magic mushrooms was what caused Homo sapiens to advance cognitively. McKenna's theory was never taken seriously by the scientific community because they saw it as mostly trippy speculation. These days, his ideas are mostly restricted to the more eccentric sections of Reddit. "The effects of the psilocybin mushroom on the individual, the nature of the self, and the nature of self-organization would have been profound. Psilocybin consumption would have increased sexual arousal, pattern recognition, and visual acuity as well as rewired neural circuits in the brain." Stamets also cited research that suggests psilocybin may be effective in treating mental health conditions like addiction and depression, which raises the possibility that early humans may have benefitted from the therapeutic effects of these drugs. He also emphasised how psilocybin can strengthen social bonds and empathy, which would have aided in the growth of social structures and cooperation. Similar to the "stoned ape theory," Stamets' claims are still unsubstantiated by hard data. There is no way to definitively determine whether psilocybin mushrooms contributed to the cognitive development of early humans. How significant a role these substances might have played cannot be determined due to a lack of evidence. In spite of this, many people still find the stoned ape theory and the role of psilocybin in human evolution to be intriguing and fascinating. Whether or not this theory is ever proven, it has provided fresh perspectives on the part that mind-altering drugs played in the development of mankind. In conclusion, the notion that magic mushrooms contributed to the development of the human brain is still speculative and devoid of hard data. The notion that psilocybin may have played a part in the evolution of humans and the stoned ape theory, however, continue to be intriguing and provocative. The sudden expansion of the human brain 200,000 years ago was undoubtedly a significant and puzzling development in our evolutionary history, even though we may never be able to know for sure.

The magic mushroom theory is based on the idea that the figure of Santa Claus, as we know him today, was inspired by the use of hallucinogenic mushrooms in ancient winter solstice celebrations. According to this theory, the red and white colors of Santa's attire, as well as the tradition of leaving gifts, are all derived from the use of magic mushrooms in ancient pagan rituals. The theory suggests that these rituals were a way for people to connect with the spirit world and communicate with their ancestors, and that the figure of Santa Claus evolved over time to become the jolly, gift-giving figure we know today. There is little concrete evidence to support this theory, and it remains largely a matter of speculation. However, it is certainly possible that the use of hallucinogenic mushrooms played a role in the development of the Santa Claus myth, as the use of psychoactive substances has been a part of many cultures throughout history. Overall, the magic mushroom and Santa Clause theory is an interesting and unique way to look at the origins of the Santa Claus myth, but it should be noted that it is just one theory among many and has not been widely accepted by scholars.

The golden era of rock music, free-living and art —the 60s and 70s has truly been a hit in its unique way. From the “beat generation” —a rather scattered community of people involved in rising against the mainstream to the “hippies” —a more structured counterculture community and finally, to the “yuppies” —a community of people focused on moving to the city life, making money and earning a lavish living, there has undoubtedly been a major change in opinions, lifestyle choices and values throughout the era. So who were these “hippies” and what exactly is the “hippie trail” of the 60s? How is it relevant to India and its people? What revolution did it bring into the travel industry and what are the prominent influences caused by this “hippie trail” in today’s world? In our intense research, we found rather exciting stories and back-stories about the hippie trail, with its rise and fall in India. Although this community was known for its use of psychedelics, open sexual relationships, colourful and flowy clothes, simple footwear, vegetarian food and a deep passion for travel, socialization and spirituality, apparently it was so much more than just that! Curious already? Fasten your seatbelts, for we’re taking you on and through the most fun, spontaneous and soul-searching “trip” of the 60s —the hippie trail! The Beginning We have all heard how war triggered the establishment of anti-war communities throughout history. The same thing happened during the Vietnam War in the 1960s. It was a cold proxy war, where the US supported South Vietnam by supplying explosives, ground troops and more. By this time, everyone around the world had some access to news, hence a lot of war details started spreading to every household, including telecasting graphic content on televisions. People realized the gruesomeness involved and started standing up against the inhumane conditions caused by the war situation. As universities were home to a lot of young and educated people, the counterculture against this communism vs. capitalism war began there. Around the same time, there was the development and popularization of psychedelics. People started meeting up and forming communities that were for peace and against war. Initially, it was just a few people coming together in small groups, discussing ideas, making music and art, and using mind-altering substances —which as a matter of fact, weren’t illegal back then! People who were partaking in this were called “hippies”. We know this small movement grew bigger and bigger eventually making an impact not just during the war era but also in today’s world. Bob Dylan, Jimmy Hendrix, The Beatles and The Rolling Stone are just a few examples of artists, musicians and bands inspired by the “hippie culture”. These western communities spread to the eastern parts of the world through the hippie trail —preaching a phrase that was coined and popularized by the hippies “Make Love, Not War!” The Journey A journey across countries entirely through road, the hippie trail got its name from the hippies who discovered this route. It wasn’t fancy or luxurious travel, in fact, the hippies were known to pack minimal luggage and start their journey on a budget, absorbing different cultures, socializing and having local food. Hippies from all walks of life were a part of this trail —from students to working-class people and in some cases, even families. What connected these people was the shared passion for psychedelics, soul searching, world peace and more. Travellers opted for the cheapest modes of transportation like hitchhiking, trains, and buses while some had their own commute —a hippie truck/ bus with basic facilities like a kitchen, washroom, and bed, all on wheels. There are pictures of this type of transport all over the internet, as the vehicles were decorated with hippie slogans, flowery patterns and popping colours like blues and yellows and reds! The hippie trail started from western Europe to India and its neighbouring countries like Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangkok. There were two main routes —the northern one, which was quite popular and an alternative route. Americans flew with Icelandic Airlines to reach Luxembourg. From there, they travelled to various starting points like London, Copenhagen, West Berlin, Paris and Milan to finally exit Europe and enter middle eastern lands of Istanbul, Turkey. Peshawar in Pakistan and Kabul in Afghanistan became popular halts because of the easy availability of opium and hashish, before entering the culturally rich India. The food, religious views, and scenic beauty in India surprised the hippies and some stayed for longer than decided. Their curiosity lead them to discover spirituality within themselves and in the world around them, making India a popular spiritual destination even today. Kovalam beach in Kerala became popular and places like Delhi, Varanasi, Goa, Bombay (now Mumbai), and Madras in India were the top travel destinations amongst a few others for the hippies. In 1968, Time Magazine made a comparison between the sadhus of India to the western hippies on the common ground of leaving behind materialism for spiritual pursuit. The Destination The Hippie Trail wasn’t about taking the quickest and cheapest route to a single destination, in fact, it was the journey itself that was the destination for the hippies. They embarked on this travel with the intention of unlearning and learning about themselves and the world, unaware of the impact caused as they began sharing their stories through pictures, articles and even short documentaries. While some hippies believed to let go of the need to carry a camera as it restricts you to fully live in the moment, some believed documenting the mundane activities and interactions will help them and the world relive the hippie trail once again —and so it did! But that is not all that’s given to the world by the hippies. In San Francisco 1967, “Summer of Love”, one of the biggest hippie meet-ups happened where 1 lakh people participated. This was immediately followed by “Woodstock” in New York, 1969 —a 3 day event where approximately 5 lakh people participated. Prominent spokespersons in the hippie movement during this time were Albert Hofmann, Ken Kesey, Timothy Leary, Terence McKenna, and Richard Alpert among others. In 1973, Tony and Maureen Wheeler, before taking the initiative of founding the “Lonely Planet” travel magazine, published a book of 94 pages called “Across Asia on the Cheap” in which they talked about their own hippie trail experience. “BIT Guide” a book that covered updated information like checkpoints, eateries, bus routes and hostels from active travellers on the hippie trail got popular. Its last edition was published in the year 1980. Travel organizers like “Topdeck” and “Sundowners” started a new route passing through Baluchistan. However, due to an unsafe travel environment, a trip from this route happened for the last time in the year 1998 before “Ozbus” restarted the route from London to Sydney in 2007. The Hippie Trail Today The political situation in the 1970s caused a major decline in the hippie trail. The Iranian revolution in 1979, followed by the Soviet Afghanistan invasion close western routes. Visa restrictions were imposed in middle eastern countries making travel more difficult. All good things come to an end, however, the impact caused by the hippie trail brought a revolution in the travel industry. Backpacking, van life, and nomadic travels all seem modernized versions of the hippie trail, considering various similarities like being on the go, not carrying a lot of luggage, making spontaneous plans and mingling with locals and other travellers. Music festivals today represent hippie communes where people show up for music, art, dance and more.

What is the NDPS Act? Before 1985, the laws regulating drugs and other narcotic substances were The Opium Act of 1857, The Opium Act of 1878 and Dangerous Drugs Act of 1930. However, due to persistent pressure by the West thanks to their (failed) War Against Drugs campaign, it was important to have a cohesive and structured law, hence NDPS was enacted in the year 1985. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985, and excise laws in several states restrict people from consuming cannabis or any of its byproducts making it a punishable offence. Additionally, it prohibits cultivation, production, manufacture, possession, sale, purchase, transport, import, export, use and consumption of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, except for licensed medical and scientific purposes. So what does the law say about possession and consumption of cannabis and other narcotic substances? How fair is it in comparison, considering decriminalisation of the same in other countries? Here’s a brief summary and analysis of the NDPS Act, for the layman to understand. Objectives of the NDPS Act, 1985 - To take measures for preventing, combating and regulating operations related to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. - To provide for the forfeiture of property derived from or used in, illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. - To implement the provisions of the International conventions on narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and for all the relevant matters. - To add or omit the list of psychotropic substances, for which no separate bill or amendment has to be passed. Offence/ Penalty & Bail Provisions Punishment for small quantity is minimum 1 year rigorous imprisonment or a fine upto ₹10,000 or both. For commercial quantity, it is minimum 10 years to maximum 20 years of rigorous imprisonment and a fine from ₹1 lakh to ₹2 lakhs. For quantities between small and commercial, rigorous imprisonment that may extend to 10 years and fine that may extend to ₹1 lakh is liable. All offences punishable under the NDPS Act 1985 are cognizable and non-bailable, which means they fall in the category of more serious crimes, hence a person can be arrested without an arrest warrant and cannot be bailed by the police without involvement of the court, unless certain conditions are met.The accused, however, has the right to demand search in front of a Magistrate. The NDPS Act also has a “guilty unless proven innocent” approach, unlike the reverse in crimes that are considered less serious. Amendments The NDPS Act has been amended in the years 1989, 2001, 2014 and recently, in the year 2021, a drafting error was corrected. 1989 Act amended with strict provisions, sections added include under 27 A for financing illicit traffic which includes production, possession, sale, purchase, transportation, warehousing, use. 2001 Act amended to rationalise sentencing by categorising quantity of drugs in possession as small or commercial, with different punishments for each. The legislature also showed a reformative approach towards addicts and liberalised bail. 2014 Act amended to ease restrictions on Essential Narcotic Drugs (Morphine, Fentanyl and Methadone), making them more accessible for use in medication for pain relief and palliative care by removing state barriers in licensing and transportation. Shortcomings Inadequate Distinction The Act does not adequately distinguish between hard drugs and soft drugs neither does it see consumption or sale in a different light. As some drugs are more dangerous and addictive than the others, it is not fair to have the same punishment even if the quantity in possession are categorised separately. Lifting restrictions on less harmful drugs can prevent the dealers in switching to more harmful drugs which have better profit margins. Additionally, possession/ consumption/ sale etc. judged separately can encourage lesser of the two evils eventually preventing more serious substance related crimes. Mental Health & Addiction The mental health of the person in question is not the first thing that is considered, ignoring the fact that addiction is an actual mental health issue even if the person voluntarily consumed the substances at first. While the person, if found in possession of smaller quantities of drugs, can opt for de-addiction treatment voluntarily without any legal action, it can also be taken away if the medical treatment is not completed. The one time reprieve hence takes away the fair chance given to the person to improve as addiction relapses a few times before ultimately stabilising even with appropriate treatment. Harsh Punishment Not only is the offence cognizable and non-bailable, but the law surrounding certain repetitive and excess quantities of substances can also result in a life sentence or even a death sentence. While this is important in certain cases, it shouldn’t be uniformly followed as there are more heinous crimes that require such stringent action. As mentioned above, the law doesn’t adequately distinguish between an addict, a peddler, or larger groups involved. Hence, people from socially backward classes or poverty stricken individuals involved in drug trafficking/ abuse because of poverty or addiction in the first place, fail to pay the fine and might not get proper justice. So, while the government is taking strict measures against drug abuse, it is no secret that India has a rich history of certain substances being used for medicinal and spiritual purposes, before foreign intervention. A lot of countries like Canada, UK and the Netherlands have already decriminalised these substances. As a developing country, we might not be there yet, even if deep study about it lies in our roots long before any research started in the west. However, to raise awareness regarding harm reduction and rehabilitation is something that should not be made a taboo topic, it should be talked openly and to the common public, so as to educate the people. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment launched Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyan (NMBA) in an attempt to do the same on a mass level.